Marshall MR WWII Radar Site

From FortWiki
Jump to: navigation, search

Marshall MR WWII Radar Site (1944-1946) - A World War II U.S. Army Radar Site established in 1944. Used to provide fire control information to large caliber (6" and above) coastal gun batteries in the Harbor Defense of Charleston against enemy warships. Located on Marshall Military Reservation, a sub post of Fort Moultrie near Charleston, Charleston County, South Carolina. Closed in 1946.

Marshall MR WWII Radar Site Plan.

History

Part of the Harbor Defense of Charleston.

SCR-296-A Typical Radar Set Installation.
Marshall MR WWII Radar Site SCR-296-A Antenna Plan.

Constructed completed and transferred for use at Marshall MR on 18 May 1944. Construction costs to date of transfer were $ 11,250. The physical plant consisted of a transmitter building, two powerhouses each with a 1000 gallon fuel tank, a 100' steel tower and an antenna housing disguised as a Water tank atop the tower. The three buildings and the tower were prefabricated steel units furnished by the Signal Corps. The buildings and the tower were placed on concrete pads and footings installed by the Corps of Engineers who erected all of the structures. Access to the antenna on top of the tower was by a steel ladder and a small hoist operated by an electric motor.


The radar equipment was installed by the Signal Corps. It required 16.3kW of 120/240 AC, 1 phase, 60 cycle power furnished by commercial power, backed up by the two on-site generators. The two 25 kW generators were furnished and installed by the Signal Corps.


Site Operation

SCR-296-A Range Operator Display.
SCR-296-A Azimuth Operator Displays

In operation, the SCR-296-A radar could only track one target at a time. Target assignments were made from the harbor HECP/HDCP command posts by telephone, citing the approximate range and azimuth of the target using the SCR-582/SCR-682 search radar and/or optical spotters. The SCR-296-A radar operators would then find the target and pass the precise range and azimuth to the plotting room at the gun battery by phone. Two operators were required, one for the range position and one for the azimuth position. The radar operators would continue to track the target and update the plotting room as the range and azimuth changed. Once the shore battery fired, the SCR-296-A could detect the water splashes of near misses and provide adjusting information by voice commands such as "300 short" or "500 long".

SCR-582 to SCR-296-A Radar, Seacoast Battery Communications Paths.

In operation, the range accuracy was about ± 30 yards while azimuth accuracy was about ± 0.20 degree under the best conditions. The set had a dependable range of 20,000 yards on a destroyer size target when properly sited between 150 to 500 feet above sea level.

The operating crew consisted of 5 men plus a power plant operator and radar maintenance man.


The Radar track data was provided by telephone to support Battery 520 as the primary battery and to secondary batteries including Battery 230. Battery 520 was a 12" casemated gun battery located on Marshall Military Reservation while Battery 230 was a 6" Gun Battery on Fort Moultrie. Battery 230 was built but never armed.


Closure

Closed in 1946. The SCR-296-A Radar equipment was declared obsolete by AG letter on 17 Jan 1946. The Tower and radar equipment were to be disposed of while the buildings were to be retained.

Current Status

No visible remains. the property is now occupied by the Sunrise Presbyterian Church.


Location: Marshall MR in Charleston County, South Carolina.

Maps & Images

Lat: 32.77442 Long: -79.81567

  • Multi Maps from ACME
  • Maps from Bing
  • Maps from Google
  • Antenna Elevation: 118'
  • Site Elevation: 12'

See Also:

Sources:

  • U.S.Army, Supplement to the Harbor Defense Project of Charleston, S.C., (HDCN-AN-45), 15 Mar 1945, CDSG
  • RCW-Corrected to 15 Jun 1944, CDSG.

Links:

Visited: 2 Mar 2018


Personal tools
Namespaces

Variants
Actions
content
Toolbox